Showing posts with label style. Show all posts
Showing posts with label style. Show all posts

Tuesday, June 19, 2007

What is Style?

One of my first blog entries was titled "What is Style?" It offered my definition of style at the beginning of English 328. Here was my original definition.

Style is the organization of thoughts onto a medium. The medium could be physical such as a piece of paper, canvas, or piece of clay. It could also be abstract like a website or a piece of music. Often the organization could use colors, sounds, or shape to express meaning. The placement of words, white space, and other elements could also be used.


I think I had a good start on a definition of style. Strunk and White's Elements of Style enlightened me with rules to improve the style of my writing. Many of these rules focused on punctuation, the choice of words, the use of common words and phrases, and the quality of writing. Simplifying sentences by removing unnecessary words was a suggestion in the book. Similarly, Style by Williams built upon some of the ideas in Strunk and White while adding writing layout strategies. Cohesion was explained over two chapters. Examples of sexist writing were given. The history of writing was used to explain the roots of many commonly held ideas of writing. These two books demonstrated that my definition was lacking choices about word usage, clarity, cohesion, punctuation, and even the idea that is OK to break the rules as Williams suggests near the end of Style.

The writing technology assignment forced me to think about writing utensils and the surface that I wrote on. My original definition outlines surfaces very well, but my essay focused on the raspberries which were the utensil. Putting the two together in the definition would serve well. Tools influence the way in which we write. The style is affected as well. There is a relationship between the technology of writing, the style and the content. I can express much more information on a computer word processing program than a rock in a garden with dandelions. It is also easier to read the word document and I can change the form to a printed document or submit it to a publisher to be turned in a book.

In another post, "The Elements of Style", I wrote

Upon reading elements of style, I realize the change in language over time. Many phrases and words in the book are part of everyday speech. In the chapter entitled "Misused words and expressions", White writes about the use of "care less". (42) Often, "I could care less," is used in everyday speech. I have read in the past that the proper phrase is "I couldn't care less."


This post suggests that writing (and style) evolve over time. Common misuse of the phrase has changed the interpretation of the phrase to mean something that the words do not suggest. Following style guidelines can help with interpretation. A person learning English who must think about the meaning of each word would be confused by the misuse of this phrase. Good style is about articulating your point in a way best served by the intended audience.

I wrote about web comics. Artists and writers working on comics often push the envelope when creating their art form. They use unique styles, and sometimes draw on old artistic techniques to express words and ideas. They use the visual imagery to express meaning in addition to text. My original definition includes use of different mediums, but I could add more about the use of imagery in relation to expressing thoughts.

The Internet has changed the ideas of style, as have the efforts of Apple and Microsoft to bring desktop computers into our lives. My widescreen monitor displays web pages and word documents differently offering horizontal space. Another person designing a webpage will not see what I see. The appearance is different and I may react to it in another way. Style is influenced by the author's individual characteristics, and by the physical and virtual representation. The reader or users view of the information is also influenced by this presentation as well as their own baggage.

Blogging offers a relaxed atmosphere where I can write prose without as much thought to form. Function is more important. I can change the appearance of many elements, but not all.

Style reflects the presentation of content.

Thursday, June 14, 2007

"The Most Important" Web Style Rule

The most important web style rule is found on the "Spiderpro: Styleguide: compatibility" website. It is "Do validate" (Kampherbeek). The Spiderpro site adds "Validate your pages. This is the best way to find errors that won't show up in some browsers but might be the cause of trouble in other browsers" (Kampherbeek). Validation is imporant because any other style rule is irrelevant if someone can not see your website. Standards compliance supports all types of devices from cell phones and Nintendo Wiis to personal computers and PDAs. Not everyone will use Internet Explorer to see your website. The W3C offers a free validation service at http://validator.w3.org/ . You can also validate RSS and ATOM feeds often found on blogs and news sites. There is also a link to the W3C CSS validator. The "Web Style Guide" by Lynch and Horton says "If reasonable, consistent design standards are not adopted, the average user suffers confusion, reduced productivity, and lost opportunity to benefit from the promise of Web information sources." (Lynch and Horton) The design of a website can not be consistent if the markup is not standards compliant. By validating pages, authors can be certain there is consistent markup. A visual verification of design consistency will make users happy. A viewable website will let you get your message out.

Most devices support HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 Transitional. XHTML 1.0 Basic was developed for embedded devices and cell phones. A subset of XHTML 1.0 Strict is the basis for this alternate standard.

To learn more about web standards, consult the W3C website at http://www.w3.org/. The "Spiderpro" site is located at http://www.spiderpro.com/pr/prstgm001_cmp.html and the "Web Style Guide" at http://www.webstyleguide.com/site/standards.html .

Friday, May 25, 2007

Comparing Strunk and White with Williams

Style Toward Clarity and Grace focuses on a different aspect of writing than The Elements of Style. The former introduces common sense style guidelines. Struck and White's The Elements of Style covers use cases of the English language. The discussion of style in Struck and White is too concise. It lacks examples of modern writing, and common errors. I previously wrote "Elements of Style includes some useful material. Chapter one covers basic usage of colons, semicolons, hyphens, and other elements. As I have not reviewed basic grammar rules for well over ten years, it was beneficial to review the material." The Williams book does not cover usage of punctuation, but it includes preferred uses of words and phrases as well as recommendations for sentence, paragraph and document structure.

Williams offers excellent advice. Sentence and paragraph structure is covered in great detail. The chapters "Cohesion", "Coherence I" and "Coherence II" diagram sentence structure and the relationship of sentences within paragraphs. Williams offers historical explanations for writing style rules from other texts. My favorite explanation deals with proper rules for "good English" in chapter ten.
3. Finally, some grammarians try to impose on those who already write educated standard English particular items of usage that they think those educated writers should observe--don't split infinitives; use that, not which for restrictive clauses; use fewer, not less for countable nouns; don't use hopefully to mean I hope. These are matters that few speakers and writers of nonstandard English worry about. They are, however, items about which educated writers disagree.

Williams 176


In this section, Williams has a commentary on writers who impose their rules of writing on others. Struck created the text to teach freshmen his rules. Williams essentially argued against Struck's approach. Williams greatest contribution is the idea that the absence of style is recognized; good writing is not detectable because of the application of rules.

Struck and White offer a reference to aid writers in selecting the best words and punctuation. The book uses concise sentences, brief examples, and whitespace to ease readers in finding information much like a dictionary or encyclopedia. It is very useful if one is familiar with English grammar. The book suggests areas to improve in style. "1. Place yourself in the background" (Struck and White 70) Suggestions often take the form of rules with numerals assigned to each. Grammar can be learned by applying rules, but style is an abstract concept; rules do little to help grasp such ideas. Style is not a finite space that can be determined like the proof of a math problem or the source code to a computer program.